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DBMS > ArangoDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Percona Server for MySQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison ArangoDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Percona Server for MySQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameArangoDB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonPercona Server for MySQL  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionNative multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Enhanced drop-in replacement for MySQL based on XtraDB or TokuDB storage engines with improved performance and additional diagnostic and management features.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine
Document storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.26
Rank#88  Overall
#15  Document stores
#5  Graph DBMS
#12  Key-value stores
#10  Search engines
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score2.10
Rank#119  Overall
#57  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score4.25
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Websitearangodb.comfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.percona.com/­software/­mysql-database/­percona-serverwww.postgresql.orgpingcap.com
Technical documentationdocs.arangodb.comfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasewww.percona.com/­downloads/­Percona-Server-LATESTwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeFacebookInstagram
DeveloperArangoDB Inc.Google infoacquired by Google 2014PerconaPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerPingCAP, Inc.
Initial release2012201220081989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2016
Current release3.11.5, November 20238.0.36-28, 202416.3, May 20248.1.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) availablecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageC++C and C++CGo, Rust
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-free infoautomatically recognizes schema within a collectionschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infostring, double, boolean, list, hashyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsAQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJavaScriptlimited functionality with using 'rules'yesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
TriggersnoCallbacks are triggered when data changesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infosince version 2.0partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication with configurable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
XtraDB Cluster
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infocan be done with stored procedures in JavaScriptnononoyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoconfigurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)
Eventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes inforelationships in graphsnoyesyesyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlyesyes, based on authentication and database rulesUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
ArangoDBFirebase Realtime DatabasePercona Server for MySQLPostgreSQLTiDB
Specific characteristicsGraph and Beyond. With more than 11,000 stargazers on GitHub, ArangoDB is the leading...
» more
TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantagesConsolidation: As a native multi-model database, can be used as a full blown document...
» more
- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosNative multi-model in ArangoDB is being used for a broad range of projects across...
» more
TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersCisco, Barclays, Refinitive, Siemens Mentor, Kabbage, Liaison, Douglas, MakeMyTrip,...
» more
Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metricsArangoDB is the leading native multi-model database with over 11,000 stargazers on...
» more
34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsVery permissive Apache 2 License for Community Edition & commercial licenses are...
» more
TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
ArangoDBFirebase Realtime DatabasePercona Server for MySQLPostgreSQLTiDB
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