DBMS > ArangoDB vs. Cassandra vs. Dragonfly vs. etcd vs. MongoDB

System Properties Comparison ArangoDB vs. Cassandra vs. Dragonfly vs. etcd vs. MongoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Native multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

A drop-in Redis replacement that scales vertically to support millions of operations per second and terabyte sized workloads, all on a single instance

A distributed reliable key-value store

One of the most popular document stores available both as a fully managed cloud service and for deployment on self-managed infrastructure

Primary database model

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine

Wide column store

Key-value store

Document store

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

Spatial DBMS
Search engine

integrated Lucene index, currently in MongoDB Atlas only.
Time Series DBMS

Time Series Collections introduced in Release 5.0
Vector DBMS

currently available in the MongoDB Atlas cloud service only

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.32
Rank	#90	Overall
	#15	Document stores
	#5	Graph DBMS
	#12	Key-value stores
	#10	Search engines

Score	101.89
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	0.41
Rank	#266	Overall
	#38	Key-value stores

Score	7.25
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	421.65
Rank	#5	Overall
	#1	Document stores

Website

arangodb.com

cassandra.apache.org

github.com/dragonflydb/dragonfly
www.dragonflydb.io

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

www.mongodb.com

Technical documentation

docs.arangodb.com

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

www.dragonflydb.io/docs

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

www.mongodb.com/docs/manual

Social network pages

Developer

ArangoDB Inc.

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

DragonflyDB team and community contributors

MongoDB, Inc

Initial release

2012

2008

2023

2009

Current release

3.11.5, November 2023

4.1.3, July 2023

1.0, March 2023

3.4, August 2019

6.0.7, June 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) available

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

BSL 1.1

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

MongoDB Inc.'s Server Side Public License v1. Prior versions were published under GNU AGPL v3.0. Commercial licenses are also available.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

MongoDB available as DBaaS (MongoDB Atlas)

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

ArangoDB Cloud –The Managed Cloud Service of ArangoDB. Provides fully managed, and monitored cluster deployments of any size, with enterprise-grade security. Get started for free and continue for as little as $0,21/hour.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

MongoDB Flex @ STACKIT offers managed MongoDB Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
MongoDB Atlas: Global multi-cloud database with unmatched data distribution and mobility across AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud, built-in automation for resource and workload optimization, and so much more.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

automatically recognizes schema within a collection

schema-free

scheme-free

schema-free

Although schema-free, documents of the same collection often follow the same structure. Optionally impose all or part of a schema by defining a JSON schema.

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, double, boolean, list, hash

yes

strings, hashes, lists, sets, sorted sets, bit arrays

yes

string, integer, double, decimal, boolean, date, object_id, geospatial

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

Read-only SQL queries via the MongoDB Atlas SQL Interface

APIs and other access methods

AQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

Proprietary protocol

RESP - REdis Serialization Protocol

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

GraphQL
HTTP REST
Prisma
proprietary protocol using JSON

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C
C#
C++
Clojure
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
Tcl

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

Actionscript

unofficial driver
C
C#
C++
Clojure

unofficial driver
ColdFusion

unofficial driver
D

unofficial driver
Dart

unofficial driver
Delphi

unofficial driver
Erlang
Go
Groovy

unofficial driver
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Lisp

unofficial driver
Lua

unofficial driver
MatLab

unofficial driver
Perl
PHP
PowerShell

unofficial driver
Prolog

unofficial driver
Python
R

unofficial driver
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Smalltalk

unofficial driver
Swift

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

JavaScript

Lua

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

publish/subscribe channels provide some trigger functionality

yes, watching key changes

yes

in MongoDB Atlas only

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

since version 2.0

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

Sharding

Partitioned by hashed, ranged, or zoned sharding keys. Live resharding allows users to change their shard keys as an online operation with zero downtime.

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication with configurable replication factor

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

Source-replica replication

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

Multi-Source deployments with MongoDB Atlas Global Clusters
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be done with stored procedures in JavaScript

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

configurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

can be individually decided for each read operation
Immediate Consistency

default behaviour

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

typically not used, however similar functionality with DBRef possible

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

Atomic execution of command blocks and scripts

Multi-document ACID Transactions with snapshot isolation

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, strict serializability by the server

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional, enabled by default

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-memory storage engine introduced with MongoDB version 3.2

User concepts

Access control

yes

Access rights for users can be defined per object

Password-based authentication

Access rights for users and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Graph and Beyond. With more than 11,000 stargazers on GitHub, ArangoDB is the leading...
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Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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MongoDB provides an integrated suite of cloud database and data services to accelerate...
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Competitive advantages

Consolidation: As a native multi-model database, can be used as a full blown document...
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No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Built around the flexible document data model and unified API, MongoDB is a developer...
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Typical application scenarios

Native multi-model in ArangoDB is being used for a broad range of projects across...
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Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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AI-enriched intelligent apps (Continental, Telefonica, Iron Mountain) Internet of...
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Key customers

Cisco, Barclays, Refinitive, Siemens Mentor, Kabbage, Liaison, Douglas, MakeMyTrip,...
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Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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ADP, Adobe, Amadeus, AstraZeneca, Auto Trader, Barclays, BBVA, Bosch, Cisco, CERN,...
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Market metrics

ArangoDB is the leading native multi-model database with over 11,000 stargazers on...
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Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more

Hundreds of millions downloads, over 150,000+ Atlas clusters provisioned every month...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Very permissive Apache 2 License for Community Edition & commercial licenses are...
» more

Apache licenseÂ Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more

MongoDB database server: Server-Side Public License (SSPL) . Commercial licenses...
» more

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