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DBMS > Apache Pinot vs. Dgraph vs. KeyDB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Pinot vs. Dgraph vs. KeyDB vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Pinot  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonKeyDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionRealtime distributed OLAP datastore, designed to answer OLAP queries with low latencyDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSAn ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocolsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.58
Rank#244  Overall
#111  Relational DBMS
Score1.48
Rank#158  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.80
Rank#219  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitepinot.apache.orgdgraph.iogithub.com/­Snapchat/­KeyDB
keydb.dev
www.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdocs.pinot.apache.orgdgraph.io/­docsdocs.keydb.devwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsDgraph Labs, Inc.EQ Alpha Technology Ltd.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2015201620191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release1.0.0, September 202316.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSD-3Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaGoC++C
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java JDK11 or higherLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyespartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyes infoby using the Redis Search moduleyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenonoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBCGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Proprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocoADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
Python
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoLuauser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioningyesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDOptimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scriptsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logsyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlno infoPlanned for future releasessimple password-based access control and ACLfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache PinotDgraphKeyDBPostgreSQL
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