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DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. PostgreSQL vs. Spark SQL vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. PostgreSQL vs. Spark SQL vs. VoltDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingDistributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.02
Rank#130  Overall
#63  Relational DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score19.15
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score1.46
Rank#159  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitephoenix.apache.orgwww.postgresql.orgspark.apache.org/­sqlwww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationphoenix.apache.orgwww.postgresql.org/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.voltdb.com
DeveloperApache Software FoundationPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerApache Software FoundationVoltDB Inc.
Initial release20141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20142010
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 201916.2, February 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 202311.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageJavaCScalaJava, C++
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsJDBCADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
Python
R
Scala
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noJava
Triggersnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyes, utilizing Spark CoreSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsHadoop integrationnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoUsers and roles with access to stored procedures

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Apache PhoenixPostgreSQLSpark SQLVoltDB
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