DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Oracle vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. Oracle vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

A Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasets

Widely used RDBMS

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.97
Rank	#126	Overall
	#59	Relational DBMS

Score	4.48
Rank	#75	Overall
	#6	Wide column stores

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

phoenix.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/storage/tables

www.oracle.com/database

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

phoenix.apache.org

docs.oracle.com/en/database

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Microsoft

Oracle

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2014

2012

1980

2019

Current release

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

23c, September 2023

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

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Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

Linux
Unix
Windows

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

optimistic locking

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

Access rights based on private key authentication or shared access signatures

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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