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DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Lovefield vs. PostgreSQL vs. TimesTen vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Lovefield vs. PostgreSQL vs. TimesTen vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLAn in-memory SQL relational database that delivers microsecond response and high throughput for OLTP applications. TimesTen can be deployed as a standalone database or as a cache to a backend Oracle database.Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.90
Rank#125  Overall
#59  Relational DBMS
Score0.22
Rank#306  Overall
#138  Relational DBMS
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.26
Rank#164  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitephoenix.apache.orggoogle.github.io/­lovefieldwww.postgresql.orgwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.htmlgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationphoenix.apache.orggithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­timesten/­index.htmlgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperApache Software FoundationGooglePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOracle infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005Aurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release201420141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL19982012
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20192.1.12, February 201716.4, August 2024Release 22.1
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaScriptCJava
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
IBM AIX Power PC 64-bit
Linux arm64
Linux x86-64
Solaris SPARC 64
Solaris SPARC/x86
Solaris x86-64
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBCADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Pro*C/C++ programming interfaces
SQL and PL/SQL via JDBC
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
JavaScript.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Java
Node.js
PL/SQL
Python
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.PL/SQLyes
TriggersnoUsing read-only observersyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnoneyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsHadoop integrationnononoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpointsyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infousing MemoryDBnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancynofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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Apache PhoenixLovefieldPostgreSQLTimesTenTitan
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