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DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. HBase vs. NebulaGraph vs. Neo4j vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. HBase vs. NebulaGraph vs. Neo4j vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseWide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeGraph DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.06
Rank#123  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score27.97
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitephoenix.apache.orghbase.apache.orggithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
neo4j.comspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationphoenix.apache.orghbase.apache.org/­book.htmldocs.nebula-graph.ioneo4j.com/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperApache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetVesoft Inc.Neo4j, Inc.Apache Software Foundation
Initial release20142008201920072014
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20192.3.4, January 20215.20, May 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++Java, ScalaScala
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
Linux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
LinuxLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesschema-free, schema definition possibleStrong typed schemaschema-free and schema-optionalyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoSQL-like query languagenoSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsJDBCJava API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsyes infoCoprocessors in Javauser defined functionsyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsno
Triggersnoyesyes infovia event handlerno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingyes using Neo4j Fabricyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Causal Clustering using Raft protocolCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlynone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsHadoop integrationyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDByesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACRole-based access controlUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)no
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache PhoenixHBaseNebulaGraphNeo4jSpark SQL
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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