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DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. H2 vs. IBM Db2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. H2 vs. IBM Db2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. SurrealDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Common in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.97
Rank#126  Overall
#59  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score128.46
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.86
Rank#203  Overall
#34  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websitephoenix.apache.orgwww.h2database.comwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2azure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasesurrealdb.com
Technical documentationphoenix.apache.orgwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlwww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlsurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software FoundationThomas MuellerIBMMicrosoftSurrealDB Ltd
Initial release201420051983 infohost version20102022
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20192.2.220, July 202312.1, October 2016V12v1.1.1, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercial infofree version is availablecommercialOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC and C++C++Rust
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyesyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBCJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
JavaC
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsyesTransact SQL
Triggersnoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux Version
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)yes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsHadoop integrationnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
Apache PhoenixH2IBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureSurrealDB
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