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DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Greenplum vs. InfinityDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Greenplum vs. InfinityDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonGreenplum  Xexclude from comparisonInfinityDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseAnalytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database infoA logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.A Java embedded Key-Value Store which extends the Java Map interfaceFully managed big data interactive analytics platformSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.06
Rank#123  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score8.08
Rank#48  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#365  Overall
#55  Key-value stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitephoenix.apache.orggreenplum.orgboilerbay.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationphoenix.apache.orgdocs.greenplum.orgboilerbay.com/­infinitydb/­manualdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperApache Software FoundationPivotal Software Inc.Boiler Bay Inc.MicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release20142005200220192014
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20197.0.0, September 20234.0cloud service with continuous releases3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaScala
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesyesyes infonested virtual Java Maps, multi-value, logical ‘tuple space’ runtime Schema upgradeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoall Java primitives, Date, CLOB, BLOB, huge sparse arraysyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infosince Version 4.2noyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesno infomanual creation possible, using inversions based on multi-value capabilityall fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsJDBCJDBC
ODBC
Access via java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentNavigableMap Interface
Proprietary API to InfinityDB ItemSpace (boilerbay.com/­docs/­ItemSpaceDataStructures.htm)
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
C
Java
Perl
Python
R
Java.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsyesnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersnoyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replicationnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsHadoop integrationyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infoREAD-COMMITTED or SERIALIZEDEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesno infomanual creation possible, using inversions based on multi-value capabilitynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoOptimistic locking for transactions; no isolation for bulk loadsnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAzure Active Directory Authenticationno

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More resources
Apache PhoenixGreenplumInfinityDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSpark SQL
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