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DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Firebird vs. LMDB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Firebird vs. LMDB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryWidely used in-process key-value storeSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.97
Rank#126  Overall
#59  Relational DBMS
Score20.82
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score1.99
Rank#125  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitephoenix.apache.orgwww.firebirdsql.orgwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationphoenix.apache.orgwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualswww.lmdb.tech/­docdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperApache Software FoundationFirebird FoundationSymasOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleApache Software Foundation
Initial release20142000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase201119942014
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20195.0.0, January 20240.9.32, January 202418.1.40, May 20203.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicenseOpen SourceOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC and C++CC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)Scala
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Unix
Windows
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesyesschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionno
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesnoyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsJDBCADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsPSQLnonono
Triggersnoyesnoyes infoonly for the SQL APIno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenonenoneyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replicationnoneSource-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsHadoop integrationnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptnonono

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More resources
Apache PhoenixFirebirdLMDBOracle Berkeley DBSpark SQL
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