DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Firebird vs. LMDB vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Firebird vs. LMDB vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

Firebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBase

A high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database library

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.01
Rank	#103	Overall
	#52	Relational DBMS

Score	25.72
Rank	#32	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	2.44
Rank	#117	Overall
	#22	Key-value stores

Score	22.86
Rank	#35	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Website

phoenix.apache.org

www.firebirdsql.org

www.symas.com/symas-embedded-database-lmdb

spark.apache.org/sql

Technical documentation

phoenix.apache.org

www.firebirdsql.org/en/reference-manuals

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Firebird Foundation

Symas

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2014

2000

As fork of Borland's InterBase

2011

2014

Current release

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

4.0.1, December 2021

0.9.29, March 2021

3.2.0, October 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Initial Developer's Public License

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Scala

Server operating systems

Linux
Unix
Windows

AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less

Firebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC

Jaybird
ODBC
OLE DB

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

PSQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

available via 3rd party products

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Features a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writers

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

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