DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Ehcache vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Stardog vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Ehcache vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Stardog vs. TinkerGraph

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Name

Description

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

A widely adopted Java cache with tiered storage options

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

A lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

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Trend Chart

Score	1.97
Rank	#126	Overall
	#59	Relational DBMS

Score	4.89
Rank	#67	Overall
	#8	Key-value stores

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	2.02
Rank	#123	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Score	0.08
Rank	#348	Overall
	#35	Graph DBMS

Website

phoenix.apache.org

www.ehcache.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.stardog.com

tinkerpop.apache.org/docs/current/reference/#tinkergraph-gremlin

Technical documentation

phoenix.apache.org

www.ehcache.org/documentation

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.stardog.com

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Terracotta Inc, owned by Software AG

Microsoft

Stardog-Union

Initial release

2014

2009

1989

2010

2009

Current release

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

3.10.0, March 2022

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
Unix
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

schema-free

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

JCache

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

Java

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Groovy
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes

Cache Event Listeners

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

by using Terracotta Server

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

by using Terracotta Server

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Tunable Consistency (Strong, Eventual, Weak)

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

supports JTA and can work as an XA resource

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using a tiered cache-storage approach

yes

optional

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

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