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DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Cassandra vs. Citus vs. Dgraph vs. Memgraph

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Cassandra vs. Citus vs. Dgraph vs. Memgraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonMemgraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSAn open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4j
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.02
Rank#130  Overall
#63  Relational DBMS
Score103.86
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score2.15
Rank#123  Overall
#60  Relational DBMS
Score1.48
Rank#158  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score3.00
Rank#102  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
Websitephoenix.apache.orgcassandra.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comdgraph.iomemgraph.com
Technical documentationphoenix.apache.orgcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.citusdata.comdgraph.io/­docsmemgraph.com/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterFacebookGitHubDiscord
DeveloperApache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookDgraph Labs, Inc.Memgraph Ltd
Initial release20142008201020162017
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20194.1.3, July 20238.1, December 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infoFree license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJavaCGoC and C++
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free and schema-optional
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynono
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnono
APIs and other access methodsJDBCProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingyesSharding infodynamic graph partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
selectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication using RAFT
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsHadoop integrationyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDACID infowith snapshot isolation
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infowith periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyAccess rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno infoPlanned for future releasesUsers, roles and permissions
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache PhoenixCassandraCitusDgraphMemgraph
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Memgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
Business Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Graph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
You can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more
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