DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. Ingres vs. Oracle vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. Ingres vs. Oracle vs. OrientDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

Well established RDBMS

Widely used RDBMS

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

Primary database model

RDF store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.75
Rank	#84	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	4.11
Rank	#81	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	3.19
Rank	#93	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#7	Graph DBMS
	#14	Key-value stores

Website

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

www.oracle.com/database

orientdb.org

Technical documentation

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

docs.actian.com/ingres

docs.oracle.com/en/database

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

Actian Corporation

Oracle

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Initial release

2000

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

1980

2010

Current release

4.9.0, July 2023

11.2, May 2022

23c, September 2023

3.2.29, March 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like query language, no joins

APIs and other access methods

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

Java

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Java, Javascript

Triggers

yes

via event handler

yes

Hooks

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Ingres Replicator

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

could be achieved with distributed queries

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationship in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

Access control via Jena Security

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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