DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TiDB vs. YottaDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TiDB vs. YottaDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.

A fast and solid embedded Key-value store

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store

Relational DBMS

using the Octo plugin

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.75
Rank	#84	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	0.24
Rank	#305	Overall
	#43	Key-value stores

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	4.66
Rank	#70	Overall
	#38	Relational DBMS

Score	0.20
Rank	#317	Overall
	#47	Key-value stores

Website

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

pingcap.com

yottadb.com

Technical documentation

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

docs.immudb.io

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.pingcap.com/tidb/stable

yottadb.com/resources/documentation

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

Codenotary

Microsoft

PingCAP, Inc.

YottaDB, LLC

Initial release

2000

2020

1989

2016

2001

Current release

4.9.0, July 2023

1.2.3, April 2022

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

8.1.0, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

AGPL 3.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Go, Rust

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
Windows

Linux

Docker
Linux

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like syntax

yes

by using the Octo plugin

APIs and other access methods

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy

PostgreSQL wire protocol

using the Octo plugin
Proprietary protocol

Supported programming languages

Java

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

C
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
M
Perl
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

via event handler

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with TiSpark Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

full support since version 6.6

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

ACID

optimistic locking

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access control via Jena Security

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users and groups based on OS-security mechanisms

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more

Competitive advantages

- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more

Typical application scenarios

TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more

Key customers

Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more

Market metrics

34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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