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DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Heroic vs. Kingbase vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Heroic vs. Kingbase vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Jena - TDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena frameworkA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchAn enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.Widely used in-process key-value store
Primary database modelRDF storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.75
Rank#84  Overall
#3  RDF stores
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.51
Rank#255  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score0.45
Rank#262  Overall
#123  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Websitejena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­spotify/­heroicwww.kingbase.com.cnwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.html
Technical documentationjena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsspotify.github.io/­heroicdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infooriginally developed by HP LabsGoogleSpotifyBeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.Oracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release20002017201419991994
Current release4.9.0, July 2023V8.0, August 202118.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache License, Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infocommercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC and JavaC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
Windows
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeyes infoRDF Schemasyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia Elasticsearchyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noStandard with numerous extensionsyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is available
APIs and other access methodsFuseki infoREST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
Supported programming languagesJavaGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonouser defined functionsno
Triggersyes infovia event handlernonoyesyes infoonly for the SQL API
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yesyesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoTDB TransactionsACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess control via Jena SecurityAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Apache Jena - TDBGoogle Cloud SpannerHeroicKingbaseOracle Berkeley DB
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