DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Warp 10

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. Firebird vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Warp 10

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Name

Description

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

Firebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBase

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

TimeSeries DBMS specialized on timestamped geo data based on LevelDB or HBase

Primary database model

RDF store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.62
Rank	#83	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	20.50
Rank	#30	Overall
	#18	Relational DBMS

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	76.78
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Score	0.14
Rank	#344	Overall
	#32	Time Series DBMS

Website

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

www.firebirdsql.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

www.warp10.io

Technical documentation

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

www.firebirdsql.org/en/reference-manuals

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

www.warp10.io/content/02_Getting_started

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

Firebird Foundation

Microsoft

SenX

Initial release

2000

As fork of Borland's InterBase

2014

2010

2015

Current release

4.9.0, July 2023

5.0.0, January 2024

V12

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

Open Source

Initial Developer's Public License

commercial

Open Source

Apache License 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

C++

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less

Firebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC

Jaybird
ODBC
OLE DB

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

HTTP API
Jupyter
WebSocket

Supported programming languages

Java

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PSQL

JavaScript

Transact SQL

yes

WarpScript

Triggers

yes

via event handler

yes

JavaScript

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

based on HBase

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Source-replica replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes, with always 3 replicas available

selectable replication factor

based on HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

based on HBase

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Features a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writers

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access control via Jena Security

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Mandatory use of cryptographic tokens, containing fine-grained authorizations

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