DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. Dgraph vs. HarperDB vs. LMDB vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. Dgraph vs. HarperDB vs. LMDB vs. Oracle

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.

A high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database library

Widely used RDBMS

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.75
Rank	#84	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.55
Rank	#248	Overall
	#38	Document stores

Score	1.99
Rank	#125	Overall
	#21	Key-value stores

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Website

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

dgraph.io

www.harperdb.io

www.symas.com/symas-embedded-database-lmdb

www.oracle.com/database

Technical documentation

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

dgraph.io/docs

docs.harperdb.io/docs

www.lmdb.tech/doc

docs.oracle.com/en/database

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

HarperDB

Symas

Oracle

Initial release

2000

2016

2017

2011

1980

Current release

4.9.0, July 2023

3.1, August 2021

0.9.32, January 2024

23c, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

free community edition available

Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Node.js

C and C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X

Linux
Unix
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

dynamic schema

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON data types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like data manipulation statements

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

Java

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Custom Functions

since release 3.1

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

via event handler

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

A table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a cluster

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes

the nodes on which a table resides can be defined

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

ACID

Atomic execution of specific operations

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, using LMDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

Access control via Jena Security

Planned for future releases

Access rights for users and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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