DBMS > Apache Cassandra vs. Apache Jena - TDB vs. HarperDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Riak KV

System Properties Comparison Apache Cassandra vs. Apache Jena - TDB vs. HarperDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Riak KV

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

HarperDB takes the "stack" out of "tech stack" by combining an ultra-fast document-style data store, in-memory cache, real-time message broker, and your application components into a single distributed technology.

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Distributed, fault tolerant key-value store

Primary database model

with links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexes

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	98.94
Rank	#11	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	2.91
Rank	#93	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	0.55
Rank	#243	Overall
	#38	Document stores

Score	807.76
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	3.84
Rank	#76	Overall
	#9	Key-value stores

Website

cassandra.apache.org

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

www.harperdb.io

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

Technical documentation

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

docs.harperdb.io/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

www.tiot.jp/riak-docs/riak/kv/latest

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

HarperDB

Microsoft

OpenSource, formerly Basho Technologies

Initial release

2008

2000

2017

1989

2009

Current release

5.0-rc1, July 2024

4.9.0, July 2023

3.1, August 2021

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

3.2.0, December 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

commercial

free community edition available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache version 2, commercial enterprise edition

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Node.js

C++

Erlang

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X

Linux
Windows

Linux
OS X

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

dynamic schema

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON data types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

restricted

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

SQL-like data manipulation statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Java

.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

unofficial client library
C#
C++

unofficial client library
Clojure

unofficial client library
Dart

unofficial client library
Erlang
Go

unofficial client library
Groovy

unofficial client library
Haskell

unofficial client library
Java
JavaScript

unofficial client library
Lisp

unofficial client library
Perl

unofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

unofficial client library
Smalltalk

unofficial client library

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Custom Functions

since release 3.1

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Erlang

Triggers

yes

via event handler

yes

pre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

none

A table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a cluster

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

none

yes

the nodes on which a table resides can be defined

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

selectable replication factor

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

links between data sets can be stored

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

ACID

TDB Transactions

Atomic execution of specific operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, using LMDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per object

Access control via Jena Security

Access rights for users and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes, using Riak Security

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantages

No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customers

Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metrics

Apache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing models

Apache licenseÂ Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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