DB-EnginesExtremeDB: mitigate connectivity issues in a DBMSEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Milvus vs. Neo4j vs. PostgreSQL vs. Splunk

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Milvus vs. Neo4j vs. PostgreSQL vs. Splunk

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSplunk  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLAnalytics Platform for Big Data
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSVector DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.31
Rank#164  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Score2.78
Rank#103  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score89.10
Rank#14  Overall
#2  Search engines
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgmilvus.ioneo4j.comwww.postgresql.orgwww.splunk.com
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdneo4j.com/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.splunk.com/­Documentation/­Splunk
DeveloperApache Software FoundationNeo4j, Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSplunk Inc.
Initial release2018201920071989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2003
Current release1.1.0, April 20232.3.4, January 20245.20, May 202416.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoBSDcommercial infoLimited free edition and free developer edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for MilvusNeo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
  • Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
  • PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageJavaC++, GoJava, ScalaC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)Linux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free and schema-optionalyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesVector, Numeric and Stringyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yes
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenonoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno infoSplunk Search Processing Language for search commands
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
RESTful HTTP APIBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes
Triggersyesnoyes infovia event handleryesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)Shardingyes using Neo4j Fabricpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlySource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphsyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACIDno infoA 'Transaction' in Splunk has a different meaning: grouping related events into a single one for later searching
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlyesRole based access control and fine grained access rightsUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache IoTDBMilvusNeo4jPostgreSQLSplunk
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
News

Neo4j-Databricks Connector Delivers Deeper Insights, Faster GenAI Development
10 June 2024

This Week in Neo4j: Podcast, Testing, Knowledge Graph, GenAI and more
8 June 2024

Neo4j and Snowflake Bring Graph Data Science Into the AI Data Cloud
4 June 2024

RDF vs. Property Graphs: Choosing the Right Approach for Implementing a Knowledge Graph
4 June 2024

This Week in Neo4j: Importing Data, NODES, GenAI, Going Meta and more
1 June 2024

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services
3rd partiesInstaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL
» more

Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
» more

Timescale: Calling all PostgreSQL users – the 2023 State of PostgreSQL survey is now open! Share your favorite extensions, preferred frameworks, community experiences, and more. Take the survey today!
» more

Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
» more

Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
» more

pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
» more

Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres: An Enterprise Grade PostgreSQL with the flexibility of a hybrid cloud solution combined with industry leading security, availability and performance.
» more

CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
» more

SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
» more

Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
» more

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
Apache IoTDBMilvusNeo4jPostgreSQLSplunk
DB-Engines blog posts

Vector databases
2 June 2023, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Applying Graph Analytics to Game of Thrones
12 June 2019, Amy Hodler & Mark Needham, Neo4j (guest author)

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

The openCypher Project: Help Shape the SQL for Graphs
22 December 2015, Emil Eifrem (guest author)

show all

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023
2 January 2024, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year
3 January 2023, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021
3 January 2022, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Enterprise Search Engines almost double their popularity in the last 12 months
2 July 2014, Paul Andlinger

show all

Recent citations in the news

AMD EPYC 4364P & 4564P @ DDR5-4800 / DDR5-5200 vs. Intel Xeon E-2488 Review
6 June 2024, Phoronix

TsFile: A Standard Format for IoT Time Series Data
27 February 2024, The New Stack

Linux 6.5 With AMD P-State EPP Default Brings Performance & Power Efficiency Benefits For Ryzen Servers
21 September 2023, Phoronix

Apache Promotes IoT Database Project
25 September 2020, Datanami

AMD EPYC 8324P / 8324PN Siena 32-Core Siena Linux Server Performance Review
10 October 2023, Phoronix

provided by Google News

How NVIDIA GPU Acceleration Supercharged Milvus Vector Database
26 March 2024, The New Stack

AI-Powered Search Engine With Milvus Vector Database on Vultr
31 January 2024, SitePoint

Milvus 2.4 Unveils Game-Changing Features for Enhanced Vector Search
20 March 2024, GlobeNewswire

Zilliz Unveils Game-Changing Features for Vector Search
22 March 2024, Datanami

IBM watsonx.data’s integrated vector database: unify, prepare, and deliver your data for AI
9 April 2024, IBM

provided by Google News

Neo4j graph analytics integrated with Snowflake's AI cloud – Blocks and Files
7 June 2024, Blocks and Files

Neo4j integrates dozens of graph analytics functions with data in Snowflake
4 June 2024, SiliconANGLE News

Neo4j & Snowflake Collaborate for AI Insights & Analytics
6 June 2024, Martechcube

Neo4j Announces Collaboration with Microsoft to Advance GenAI and Data Solutions USA - English - India - English
26 March 2024, PR Newswire

Using Neo4j’s graph database for AI in Azure
4 April 2024, InfoWorld

provided by Google News

Build a FedRAMP compliant generative AI-powered chatbot using Amazon Aurora Machine Learning and Amazon ...
10 June 2024, AWS Blog

PostgreSQL Tutorial: Definition, Commands, & Features
4 June 2024, Simplilearn

How To Schedule PostgreSQL Backups With GitHub Actions
6 June 2024, The New Stack

Raise the bar on AI-powered app development with Azure Database for PostgreSQL
5 June 2024, Microsoft

How to implement a better like, views, comment counters in PostgreSQL?
28 May 2024, SitePoint

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

Present your product here