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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostgreSQL vs. Sadas Engine vs. Tibero

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostgreSQL vs. Sadas Engine vs. Tibero

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSadas Engine  Xexclude from comparisonTibero  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLSADAS Engine is a columnar DBMS specifically designed for high performance in data warehouse environmentsA secure RDBMS, designed for easy portability from Oracle
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#158  Relational DBMS
Score1.78
Rank#140  Overall
#64  Relational DBMS
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.postgresql.orgwww.sadasengine.comus.tmaxsoft.com/­products/­tibero
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.postgresql.org/­docswww.sadasengine.com/­en/­sadas-engine-download-free-trial-and-documentation/­#documentationtechnet.tmaxsoft.com/­upload/­download/­online/­tibero/­pver-20150504-000002/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software FoundationMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSADAS s.r.l.TmaxSoft
Initial release201819891989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20062003
Current release1.1.0, April 2023SQL Server 2022, November 202216.2, February 20248.06, April 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoBSDcommercial infofree trial version availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageJavaC++CC++C and Assembler
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)Linux
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
Linux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.noyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Tibero CLI
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Java
Objective-C
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noPersistent Stored Procedure (PSM)
Triggersyesyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning infoby range, hash, list or composite
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnoyes infomanaged by 'Learn by Usage'no infoplanned for next version
User concepts infoAccess controlyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard (SQL 92, SQL 99)

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More resources
Apache IoTDBMicrosoft SQL ServerPostgreSQLSadas EngineTibero
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