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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Milvus vs. PostgreSQL vs. Splunk

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Milvus vs. PostgreSQL vs. Splunk

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSplunk  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLAnalytics Platform for Big Data
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Vector DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.31
Rank#164  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Score27.71
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score2.78
Rank#103  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score89.10
Rank#14  Overall
#2  Search engines
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbmilvus.iowww.postgresql.orgwww.splunk.com
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.splunk.com/­Documentation/­Splunk
DeveloperApache Software FoundationMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSplunk Inc.
Initial release2018201420191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2003
Current release1.1.0, April 20232.3.4, January 202416.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercial infoLimited free edition and free developer edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++, GoC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)hostedLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoJSON typesVector, Numeric and Stringyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yes
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageSQL-like query languagenoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno infoSplunk Search Processing Language for search commands
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJavaScriptnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes
TriggersyesJavaScriptnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)Sharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and Sparkwith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionnoACIDno infoA 'Transaction' in Splunk has a different meaning: grouping related events into a single one for later searching
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlyesAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelRole based access control and fine grained access rightsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache IoTDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMilvusPostgreSQLSplunk
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
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Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
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Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
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Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
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Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
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Apache IoTDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMilvusPostgreSQLSplunk
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