DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. H2 vs. Immudb vs. MariaDB vs. NCache

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. H2 vs. Immudb vs. MariaDB vs. NCache

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.

Open-Source and Enterprise in-memory Key-Value Store

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Search engine

Using distributed Lucene

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.18
Rank	#173	Overall
	#15	Time Series DBMS

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	0.24
Rank	#305	Overall
	#43	Key-value stores

Score	93.21
Rank	#13	Overall
	#9	Relational DBMS

Score	0.94
Rank	#195	Overall
	#29	Key-value stores

Website

iotdb.apache.org

www.h2database.com

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

mariadb.com

Site of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org

Site of MariaDB Foundation

www.alachisoft.com/ncache

Technical documentation

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.immudb.io

mariadb.com/kb/en/library

www.alachisoft.com/resources/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Thomas Mueller

Codenotary

MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server)

The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL

Alachisoft

Initial release

2018

2005

2020

2009

Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995

2005

Current release

1.1.0, April 2023

2.2.220, July 2023

1.2.3, April 2022

11.3.2, February 2024

5.3.3, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available

Open Source

Enterprise Edition available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

C#, .NET, .NET Core, Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

All OS with a Java VM

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows

ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Dynamic columns are supported

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

partial

Supported data types are Lists, Queues, Hashsets, Dictionary and Counter

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

SQL-like syntax

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like query syntax and LINQ for searching the cache. Cache Synchronization with SQL Server using SQL dependency.

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
Native API

JDBC
ODBC

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

IDistributedCache
JCache
LINQ
Proprietary native API

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

Java

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
.Net Core
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3

support for stored procedures with SQL-Server CLR

Triggers

yes

Notifications

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

none

Sharding

several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes, with selectable consistency level

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Strong Eventual Consistency over WAN with Conflict Resolution using Bridge Topology

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

optimistic locking and pessimistic locking

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

not for in-memory storage engine

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

with MEMORY storage engine

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Authentication to access the cache via Active Directory/LDAP (possible roles: user, administrator)

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
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NCache has been the market leader in .NET Distributed Caching since 2005 . NCache...
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Competitive advantages

MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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NCache is 100% .NET/ .NET Core based which fully supports ASP.NET Core Sessions ,...
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Typical application scenarios

Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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NCache enables industries like retail, finance, banking IoT, travel, ecommerce, healthcare...
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Key customers

Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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Bank of America, Citi, Natures Way, Charter Spectrum, Barclays, Henry Schein, GBM,...
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Market metrics

MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
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Market Leader in .NET Distributed Caching since 2005.
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Licensing and pricing models

MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
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NCache Open Source is free on an as-is basis without any support. NCache Enterprise...
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