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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. FoundationDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Qdrant

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. FoundationDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Qdrant

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonQdrant  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA high-performance vector database with neural network or semantic-based matching
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Vector DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.16
Rank#175  Overall
#6  Vector DBMS
Websiteiotdb.apache.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­qdrant/­qdrant
qdrant.tech
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlapple.github.io/­foundationdbwww.postgresql.org/­docsqdrant.tech/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software FoundationFoundationDBPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerQdrant
Initial release201820131989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2021
Current release1.1.0, April 20236.2.28, November 202016.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
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Implementation languageJavaC++CRust
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesNumbers, Strings, Geo, Boolean
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes infoKeywords, numberic ranges, geo, full-text
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagesupported in specific SQL layer onlyyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC
OpenAPI 3.0
RESTful HTTP/JSON API infoOpenAPI 3.0
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin SQL-layer onlyuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)Shardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsCollection-level replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Linearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency, tunable consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlyyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyesnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardKey-based authentication

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More resources
Apache IoTDBFoundationDBPostgreSQLQdrant
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