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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. FoundationDB vs. OrigoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. FoundationDB vs. OrigoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Realm

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonOrigoDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A fully ACID in-memory object graph databaseWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#53  Document stores
#20  Object oriented DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Websiteiotdb.apache.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdborigodb.comwww.postgresql.orgrealm.io
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlapple.github.io/­foundationdborigodb.com/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docsrealm.io/­docs
DeveloperApache Software FoundationFoundationDBRobert Friberg et alPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019
Initial release201820132009 infounder the name LiveDB1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2014
Current release1.1.0, April 20236.2.28, November 202016.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
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Implementation languageJavaC++C#C
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingUser defined using .NET types and collectionsyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infocan be achieved using .NETyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagesupported in specific SQL layer onlynoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin SQL-layer onlyyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary
Triggersyesnoyes infoDomain Eventsyesyes infoChange Listeners
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)Shardinghorizontal partitioning infoclient side managed; servers are not synchronizedpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasyesSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Linearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlydepending on modelyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoWrite ahead logyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnoyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlyesnoRole based authorizationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes

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More resources
Apache IoTDBFoundationDBOrigoDBPostgreSQLRealm
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