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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. FoundationDB vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. FoundationDB vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Websiteiotdb.apache.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbwww.ontotext.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­database
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlapple.github.io/­foundationdbgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperApache Software FoundationFoundationDBOntotextMicrosoft
Initial release2018201320002010
Current release1.1.0, April 20236.2.28, November 202010.4, October 2023V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++JavaC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagesupported in specific SQL layer onlystored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin SQL-layer onlywell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityTransact SQL
Triggersyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)Shardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasyesMulti-source replicationyes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Linearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlyyes infoConstraint checkingyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes
User concepts infoAccess controlyesnoDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache IoTDBFoundationDBGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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