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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Cassandra vs. NebulaGraph vs. SQL.JS

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Cassandra vs. NebulaGraph vs. SQL.JS

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonSQL.JS  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSPort of SQLite to JavaScript
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSWide column storeGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.31
Rank#164  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score0.63
Rank#241  Overall
#112  Relational DBMS
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgcassandra.apache.orggithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
sql.js.org
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.nebula-graph.iosql.js.org/­documentation/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookVesoft Inc.Alon Zakai infoenhancements implemented by others
Initial release2018200820192012
Current release1.1.0, April 20234.1.3, July 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++JavaScript
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linuxserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)
Data schemeyesschema-freeStrong typed schemayes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like query languageyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
JavaScript API
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functionsno
Triggersyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)Sharding infono "single point of failure"Shardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleCausal Clustering using Raft protocolnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and Sparkyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDBno infoexcept by serializing a db to a file
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyesAccess rights for users can be defined per objectRole-based access controlno
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache IoTDBCassandraNebulaGraphSQL.JS
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
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