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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Cassandra vs. Lovefield vs. Postgres-XL vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Cassandra vs. Lovefield vs. Postgres-XL vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score0.49
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score114.32
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgcassandra.apache.orggoogle.github.io/­lovefieldwww.postgres-xl.orgwww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationwww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
DeveloperApache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookGoogleDwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release2018200820142014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB2000
Current release1.1.0, April 20234.1.3, July 20232.1.12, February 201710 R1, October 20183.45.3  (15 April 2024), April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaScriptCC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinux
macOS
server-less
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityno
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternyes infodistributed, parallel query executionyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
JavaScript.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonouser defined functionsno
TriggersyesyesUsing read-only observersyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)Sharding infono "single point of failure"nonehorizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possiblenonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and Sparkyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACID infoMVCCACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes infousing MemoryDBnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyesAccess rights for users can be defined per objectnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache IoTDBCassandraLovefieldPostgres-XLSQLite
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
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