DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Greenplum vs. LevelDB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Greenplum vs. LevelDB vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

Analytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database

A logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.31
Rank	#164	Overall
	#14	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.06
Rank	#123	Overall
	#58	Relational DBMS

Score	8.08
Rank	#48	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

iotdb.apache.org

phoenix.apache.org

greenplum.org

github.com/google/leveldb

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

phoenix.apache.org

docs.greenplum.org

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Pivotal Software Inc.

Google

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2018

2014

2005

2011

2004

Current release

1.1.0, April 2023

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

7.0.0, September 2023

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

Linux
Unix
Windows

Linux

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

yes

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

since Version 4.2

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
Native API

JDBC

JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

C
Java
Perl
Python
R

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

Hadoop integration

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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