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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. Qdrant vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. Qdrant vs. Realm

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonOracle NoSQL  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonQdrant  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA high-performance vector database with neural network or semantic-based matchingA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Vector DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score10.63
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score3.07
Rank#86  Overall
#15  Document stores
#11  Key-value stores
#47  Relational DBMS
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.53
Rank#145  Overall
#7  Vector DBMS
Score7.18
Rank#52  Overall
#8  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.oracle.com/­database/­nosql/­technologies/­nosqlwww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­qdrant/­qdrant
qdrant.tech
realm.io
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­nosql-database/­index.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docsqdrant.tech/­documentationrealm.io/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaOraclePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerQdrantRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019
Initial release201320111989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20212014
Current release4.1.0, June 202224.1, May 202416.4, August 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoProprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaCRust
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
Solaris SPARC/x86
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Data schemeyesSupport Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.yesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptionalyesNumbers, Strings, Geo, Booleanyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infoKeywords, numberic ranges, geo, full-textyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC
OpenAPI 3.0
RESTful HTTP/JSON API infoOpenAPI 3.0
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary
Triggersnonoyesyes infoChange Listeners
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorElectable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table featureSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsCollection-level replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducewith Hadoop integrationnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infodepending on configuration
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency, tunable consistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoconfigurable infoACID within a storage node (=shard)ACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infooff heap cachenoyesyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardKey-based authenticationyes

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Apache ImpalaOracle NoSQLPostgreSQLQdrantRealm
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