DBMS > Apache Impala vs. OpenQM vs. Oracle vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. OpenQM vs. Oracle vs. SQLite

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

QpenQM is a high-performance, self-tuning, multi-value DBMS

Widely used RDBMS

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Multivalue DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	0.27
Rank	#298	Overall
	#10	Multivalue DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

www.rocketsoftware.com/products/rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/rocket-open-qm

www.oracle.com/database

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

docs.oracle.com/en/database

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Rocket Software, originally Martin Phillips

Oracle

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

2013

1993

1980

2000

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

3.4-12

23c, September 2023

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

GPLv2, extended commercial license available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux

AIX
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Solaris
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

server-less

Data scheme

yes

with some exceptions

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
Basic
C
Java
Objective C
PHP
Python

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

yes

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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