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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. MySQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. Realm vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. MySQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. Realm vs. RocksDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMySQL  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonRocksDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopWidely used open source RDBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataEmbeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoKey/Value like access via memcached APIRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document storeKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1083.74
Rank#2  Overall
#2  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Score3.65
Rank#85  Overall
#11  Key-value stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.mysql.comwww.postgresql.orgrealm.iorocksdb.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldev.mysql.com/­docwww.postgresql.org/­docsrealm.io/­docsgithub.com/­facebook/­rocksdb/­wiki
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaOracle infosince 2010, originally MySQL AB, then SunPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019Facebook, Inc.
Initial release201319951989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20142013
Current release4.1.0, June 20228.4.0, April 202416.3, May 20248.11.4, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoGPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen SourceOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C and C++CC++
Server operating systemsLinuxFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCAda
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infoproprietary syntaxuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryno
Triggersnoyesyesyes infoChange Listeners
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabricpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnonehorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACIDACIDyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engineyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes infoIn-Memory realmyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesno

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Apache ImpalaMySQLPostgreSQLRealmRocksDB
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