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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SAP HANA vs. SQLite vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SAP HANA vs. SQLite vs. TerarkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud serviceWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMSA key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score44.27
Rank#23  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Score111.41
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#367  Overall
#56  Key-value stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.sap.com/­products/­hana.htmlwww.sqlite.orggithub.com/­bytedance/­terarkdb
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverhelp.sap.com/­hanawww.sqlite.org/­docs.htmlbytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftSAPDwayne Richard HippByteDance, originally Terark
Initial release20131989201020002016
Current release4.1.0, June 2022SQL Server 2022, November 20222.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 20233.46.0  (23 May 2024), May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoPublic Domaincommercial inforestricted open source version available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono infoalso available as a cloud based servicenono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC++C++CC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
Windows
Appliance or cloud-serviceserver-less
Data schemeyesyesyesyes infodynamic column typesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.no
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyesyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportedno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaSQLScript, Rnono
Triggersnoyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationyesnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionyesnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infovia file-system locksyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesnono

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Navicat for SQLite is a powerful and comprehensive SQLite GUI that provides a complete set of functions for database management and development.
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More resources
Apache ImpalaMicrosoft SQL ServerSAP HANASQLiteTerarkDB
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