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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RisingWave vs. SpaceTime vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RisingWave vs. SpaceTime vs. TerarkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonRisingWave  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA distributed RDBMS for stream processing, wire-compatible with PostgreSQLSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.A key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.64
Rank#238  Overall
#110  Relational DBMS
Score0.03
Rank#392  Overall
#8  Spatial DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#367  Overall
#56  Key-value stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.risingwave.com/­databasewww.mireo.com/­spacetimegithub.com/­bytedance/­terarkdb
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.risingwave.com/­docs/­current/­introbytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftRisingWave LabsMireoByteDance, originally Terark
Initial release20131989202220202016
Current release4.1.0, June 2022SQL Server 2022, November 20221.2, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercial inforestricted open source version available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++RustC++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesStandard SQL-types and JSONyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyesA subset of ANSI SQL is implementedno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
RESTful HTTP APIC++ API
Java API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
C++
Python
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaUDFs in Python or Javanono
Triggersnoyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationFixed-grid hypercubesnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionReal-time block device replication (DRBD)none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnonono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers and Rolesyesno

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More resources
Apache ImpalaMicrosoft SQL ServerRisingWaveSpaceTimeTerarkDB
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