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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. Prometheus vs. TempoIQ

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. Prometheus vs. TempoIQ

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB  Xexclude from comparison
TempoIQ seems to be decommissioned. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used RDBMSOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemScalable analytics DBMS for sensor data, provided as a service (SaaS)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score8.42
Rank#47  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.oracle.com/­databaseprometheus.iotempoiq.com (offline)
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databaseprometheus.io/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftOracleTempoIQ
Initial release20131989198020152012
Current release4.1.0, June 2022SQL Server 2022, November 202223c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C and C++Go
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesNumeric data onlyyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesno infoImport of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyes infowith proprietary extensionsnono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIHTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possiblenono
Triggersnoyesyesnoyes infoRealtime Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoby Federation
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenono infocan be realized in PL/SQLnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterizednono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnosimple authentication-based access control

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More resources
Apache ImpalaMicrosoft SQL ServerOraclePrometheusTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB
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