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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. mSQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. Sequoiadb

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. mSQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. Sequoiadb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSequoiadb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database servicemSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLNewSQL database with distributed OLTP and SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score1.27
Rank#167  Overall
#77  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.45
Rank#261  Overall
#41  Document stores
#122  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbhughestech.com.au/­products/­msqlwww.postgresql.orgwww.sequoiadb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbwww.postgresql.org/­docswww.sequoiadb.com/­en/­index.php?m=Files&a=index
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftHughes TechnologiesPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSequoiadb Ltd.
Initial release2013201419941989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2013
Current release4.1.0, June 20224.4, October 202116.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercial infofree licenses can be providedOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoServer: AGPL; Client: Apache V2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CCC++
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoJSON typesyesyesyes infooid, date, timestamp, binary, regex
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languageA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
proprietary protocol using JSON
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceJavaScriptnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.JavaScript
TriggersnoJavaScriptnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducewith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
noneImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionnoACIDDocument is locked during a transaction
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesnoyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardsimple password-based access control

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More resources
Apache ImpalaMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBmSQL infoMini SQLPostgreSQLSequoiadb
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