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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Neo4j vs. SQream DB vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Neo4j vs. SQream DB vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonSQream DB  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsa GPU-based, columnar RDBMS for big data analytics workloadsA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score27.71
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#224  Overall
#103  Relational DBMS
Score4.46
Rank#71  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbneo4j.comsqream.comwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbneo4j.com/­docsdocs.sqream.comdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftNeo4j, Inc.SQream TechnologiesTimescale
Initial release20132014200720172017
Current release4.1.0, June 20225.20, May 20242022.1.6, December 20222.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC++Java, ScalaC++, CUDA, Haskell, Java, ScalaC
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free and schema-optionalyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoJSON typesyesyes, ANSI Standard SQL Typesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucenenoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languagenoyesyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceJavaScriptyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsuser defined functions in Pythonuser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
TriggersnoJavaScriptyes infovia event handlernoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes using Neo4j Fabrichorizontal and vertical partitioningyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlynoneSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducewith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBNeo4jSQream DBTimescaleDB
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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