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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure AI Search  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopSearch-as-a-service for web and mobile app developmentDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerWidely used in-process key-value storeA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineRelational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeVector DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score5.59
Rank#63  Overall
#7  Search engines
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#348  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­searchazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmltinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­searchdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftMicrosoftOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release20132015201019942009
Current release4.1.0, June 2022V1V1218.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)Java
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedhostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
Java
JavaScript
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoTransact SQLnono
Triggersnonoyesyes infoonly for the SQL APIno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosyes infousing Azure authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnono

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More resources
Apache ImpalaMicrosoft Azure AI SearchMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureOracle Berkeley DBTinkerGraph
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