DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TerarkDB vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TerarkDB vs. Weaviate

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4j

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB

An AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	10.63
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	2.91
Rank	#94	Overall
	#7	Graph DBMS

Score	807.76
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#385	Overall
	#61	Key-value stores

Score	1.48
Rank	#149	Overall
	#8	Vector DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

memgraph.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

github.com/bytedance/terarkdb

github.com/weaviate/weaviate
weaviate.io

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

memgraph.com/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

bytedance.larkoffice.com/docs/doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc

weaviate.io/developers/weaviate

Social network pages

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Memgraph Ltd

Microsoft

ByteDance, originally Terark

Weaviate B.V.

Initial release

2013

2017

1989

2016

2019

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

1.19, May 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

BSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition available

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

restricted open source version available

Open Source

commercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

C++

C and C++

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free and schema-optional

yes

schema-free

yes, maps to GraphQL interface

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

all data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

GraphQL is used as query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Bolt protocol
Cypher query language

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

C++ API
Java API

GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C++
Java

JavaScript / TypeScript
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

dynamic graph partitioning

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication using RAFT

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

with snapshot isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Users, roles and permissions

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

API Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Memgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
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Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
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Competitive advantages

Business Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
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Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
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Typical application scenarios

Graph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
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As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
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Key customers

All companies that have data.
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Market metrics

As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
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Licensing and pricing models

You can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
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Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
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