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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. MariaDB vs. Netezza vs. PostgreSQL vs. QuestDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. MariaDB vs. Netezza vs. PostgreSQL vs. QuestDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMariaDB  Xexclude from comparisonNetezza infoAlso called PureData System for Analytics by IBM  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopMySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.Data warehouse and analytics appliance part of IBM PureSystemsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA high performance open source SQL database for time series data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score91.04
Rank#13  Overall
#9  Relational DBMS
Score8.59
Rank#45  Overall
#29  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.70
Rank#105  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgmariadb.com infoSite of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org infoSite of MariaDB Foundation
www.ibm.com/­products/­netezzawww.postgresql.orgquestdb.io
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlmariadb.com/­kb/­en/­librarywww.postgresql.org/­docsquestdb.io/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) infoThe lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL
IBMPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerQuestDB Technology Inc
Initial release20132009 infoFork of MySQL, which was first released in 199520001989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2014
Current release4.1.0, June 202211.3.2, February 202416.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoGPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription availablecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C and C++CJava (Zero-GC), C++, Rust
Server operating systemsLinuxFreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows infoColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows
Linux infoincluded in applianceFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyes infoDynamic columns are supportedyesyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocol
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infowith proprietary extensionsyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL with time-series extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCAda
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C
C++
Fortran
Java
Lua
Perl
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infoPL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3yesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersnoyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingseveral options for horizontal partitioning and ShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication with eventual consistency
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infonot for MyISAM storage enginenoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACIDACIDACID for single-table writes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infonot for in-memory storage engineyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infowith MEMORY storage enginenoyes infothrough memory mapped files
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaMariaDBNetezza infoAlso called PureData System for Analytics by IBMPostgreSQLQuestDB
Specific characteristicsMariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
» more
Relational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesMariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
» more
High ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosWeb, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
» more
Financial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersDeutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
» more
Banks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Market metricsMariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
» more
Open source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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More resources
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