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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. TempoIQ

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. TempoIQ

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB  Xexclude from comparison
TempoIQ seems to be decommissioned. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerScalable analytics DBMS for sensor data, provided as a service (SaaS)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasetempoiq.com (offline)
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogleMicrosoftTempoIQ
Initial release2013201120102012
Current release4.1.0, June 20221.23, February 2021V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoBSDcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoTransact SQLno
Triggersnonoyesyes infoRealtime Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornoneyes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardsimple authentication-based access control

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More resources
Apache ImpalaLevelDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureTempoIQ infoformerly TempoDB
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