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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RavenDB vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RavenDB vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.92
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.leanxcale.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseravendb.nettypedb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlravendb.net/­docstypedb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaLeanXcaleMicrosoftHibernating RhinosVaticle
Initial release20132015201020102016
Current release4.1.0, June 2022V125.4, July 20222.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availableOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C#Java
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infothrough Apache DerbyyesSQL-like query language (RQL)no
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
Java
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceTransact SQLyesno
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonoyesyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesnono infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAuthorization levels configured per client per databaseyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaLeanXcaleMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureRavenDBTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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More resources
Apache ImpalaLeanXcaleMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureRavenDBTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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