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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RavenDB vs. RRDtool

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RavenDB vs. RRDtool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseIndustry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument storeTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.92
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score1.87
Rank#136  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.leanxcale.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseravendb.netoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlravendb.net/­docsoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­doc
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaLeanXcaleMicrosoftHibernating RhinosTobias Oetiker
Initial release20132015201020101999
Current release4.1.0, June 2022V125.4, July 20221.8.0, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availableOpen Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSS
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C#C infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
HP-UX
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoNumeric data only
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infothrough Apache DerbyyesSQL-like query language (RQL)no
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
in-process shared library
Pipes
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
Java
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceTransact SQLyesno
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.none
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoby using the rrdcached daemon
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAuthorization levels configured per client per databaseno

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More resources
Apache ImpalaLeanXcaleMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureRavenDBRRDtool
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