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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. etcd vs. KairosDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. etcd vs. KairosDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SurrealDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonetcd  Xexclude from comparisonKairosDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA distributed reliable key-value storeDistributed Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra or H2Microsofts flagship relational DBMSA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score7.03
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score0.67
Rank#233  Overall
#20  Time Series DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1.02
Rank#190  Overall
#33  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
github.com/­kairosdb/­kairosdbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serversurrealdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmletcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
kairosdb.github.iolearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serversurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftSurrealDB Ltd
Initial release2013201319892022
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.4, August 20191.2.2, November 2018SQL Server 2022, November 2022v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++GoJavaC++Rust
Server operating systemsLinuxFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonoyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC
JSON over HTTP
Graphite protocol
HTTP REST
Telnet API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenonoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
Triggersnoyes, watching key changesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infobased on Cassandratables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.selectable replication factor infobased on Cassandrayes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnosimple password-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
Apache ImpalaetcdKairosDBMicrosoft SQL ServerSurrealDB
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