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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Trafodion

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.31
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
azure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasetrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.immudb.iodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqltrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCodenotaryMicrosoftApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release2013202020102014
Current release4.1.0, June 20221.2.3, April 2022V122.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++GoC++C++, Java
Server operating systemsLinuxBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
hostedLinux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like syntaxyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoTransact SQLJava Stored Procedures
Triggersnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes, with always 3 replicas availableyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaImmudbMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureTrafodion
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