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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Hive vs. PostgreSQL vs. SpatiaLite vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Hive vs. PostgreSQL vs. SpatiaLite vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSpatiaLite  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for Hadoopdata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLSpatial extension of SQLiteTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Spatial DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score61.17
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.60
Rank#149  Overall
#3  Spatial DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orghive.apache.orgwww.postgresql.orgwww.gaia-gis.it/­fossil/­libspatialite/­indexgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homewww.postgresql.org/­docswww.gaia-gis.it/­gaia-sins/­spatialite_topics.htmlgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerAlessandro FurieriAurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release201320121989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20082012
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.1.3, April 202216.3, May 20245.0.0, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoMPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1Open Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
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Implementation languageC++JavaCC++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
server-lessLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC++
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noyes
Triggersnonoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnoneyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyesyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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