DBMS > Apache Impala vs. HarperDB vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. HarperDB vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TerarkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

HarperDB takes the "stack" out of "tech stack" by combining an ultra-fast document-style data store, in-memory cache, real-time message broker, and your application components into a single distributed technology.

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	10.63
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	0.55
Rank	#243	Overall
	#38	Document stores

Score	0.44
Rank	#256	Overall
	#40	Document stores

Score	807.76
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#385	Overall
	#61	Key-value stores

Website

impala.apache.org

www.harperdb.io

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

github.com/bytedance/terarkdb

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

docs.harperdb.io/docs

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

bytedance.larkoffice.com/docs/doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

HarperDB

Microsoft

ByteDance, originally Terark

Initial release

2013

2017

2014

1989

2016

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

3.1, August 2021

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

free community edition available

Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

restricted open source version available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

C++

Node.js

JavaScript

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
OS X

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

dynamic schema

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON data types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like data manipulation statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket

JavaScript API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift

JavaScript

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Custom Functions

since release 3.1

View functions in JavaScript

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

A table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a cluster

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

yes

the nodes on which a table resides can be defined

none

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomic execution of specific operations

atomic operations within a single collection possible

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, using LMDB

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access rights for users and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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