DBMS > Apache Impala vs. HBase vs. HyperSQL vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. HBase vs. HyperSQL vs. Oracle

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

Widely used RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	30.50
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	3.49
Rank	#87	Overall
	#47	Relational DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

hbase.apache.org

hsqldb.org

www.oracle.com/database

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

hbase.apache.org/book.html

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

docs.oracle.com/en/database

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

Oracle

Initial release

2013

2008

2001

1980

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

2.3.4, January 2021

2.7.2, June 2023

23c, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

based on BSD license

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Data scheme

yes

schema-free, schema definition possible

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

options to bring your own types, AVRO

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

Coprocessors in Java

Java, SQL

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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