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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Greenplum vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Prometheus

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Greenplum vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Prometheus

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGreenplum  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAnalytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database infoA logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring system
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score8.37
Rank#48  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score8.42
Rank#47  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orggreenplum.orghsqldb.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseprometheus.io
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.greenplum.orghsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlprometheus.io/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaPivotal Software Inc.Microsoft
Initial release20132005200120102015
Current release4.1.0, June 20227.0.0, September 20232.7.2, June 2023V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infobased on BSD licensecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++Go
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modeshostedLinux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesNumeric data only
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infosince Version 4.2noyesno infoImport of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyesyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
Java
Perl
Python
R
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesJava, SQLTransact SQLno
Triggersnoyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replicationnoneyes, with always 3 replicas availableyes infoby Federation
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGreenplumHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzurePrometheus
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