DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. MariaDB vs. RethinkDB vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. MariaDB vs. RethinkDB vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform

MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.

DBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.

Key-Value Store with special method for indexing

optimized for high performance using a special indexing method

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS

with OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	4.47
Rank	#76	Overall
	#12	Document stores

Score	93.21
Rank	#13	Overall
	#9	Relational DBMS

Score	2.74
Rank	#105	Overall
	#19	Document stores

Score	0.04
Rank	#360	Overall
	#52	Key-value stores

Website

impala.apache.org

cloud.google.com/datastore

mariadb.com

Site of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org

Site of MariaDB Foundation

rethinkdb.com

github.com/STSSoft/STSdb4

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

cloud.google.com/datastore/docs

mariadb.com/kb/en/library

rethinkdb.com/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Google

MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server)

The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL

The Linux Foundation

since July 2017

STS Soft SC

Initial release

2013

2008

2009

Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995

2009

2011

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

11.3.2, February 2024

2.4.1, August 2020

4.0.8, September 2015

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

GPLv2, commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

hosted

FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows

ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Dynamic columns are supported

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, details here

yes

string, binary, float, bool, date, geometry

yes

primitive types and user defined types (classes)

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like query language (GQL)

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

.NET Client API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

community-supported driver
C#

community-supported driver
C++

community-supported driver
Clojure

community-supported driver
Dart

community-supported driver
Erlang

community-supported driver
Go

community-supported driver
Haskell

community-supported driver
Java

official driver
JavaScript (Node.js)

official driver
Lisp

community-supported driver
Lua

community-supported driver
Objective-C

community-supported driver
Perl

community-supported driver
PHP

community-supported driver
Python

official driver
Ruby

official driver
Scala

community-supported driver

C#
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

using Google App Engine

yes

PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3

Triggers

Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine

yes

Client-side triggers through changefeeds

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding

Sharding

range based

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication using Paxos

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration

Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

Atomic single-document operations

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC based

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

not for in-memory storage engine

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

with MEMORY storage engine

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

users and table-level permissions

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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Key customers

Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

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